Idries Shah was a teacher in the Sufi tradition whose seminal work was The Sufis. He presented Sufism as a universal form of wisdom that predated Islam. In his writings, he frequently used teaching ...
Jason Webster on why the republication of Idries Shah book about Sufism – whose enthusiasts have included Winston Churchill, Ted Hughes and Doris Lessing – couldn’t be more timely Fifty years ago this ...
Ikbal and Idries Shah delighted London society with their romantic tales of the East. The only problem? They made them up. By Robyn Creswell Robyn Creswell is an associate professor of comparative ...
In the realm of a shah (or a loftier derived ruler style), a prince or princess of the royal blood was logically called shahzada as the term is derived from shah using the Persian patronymic suffix -zāda or -zâde, "born from" or "descendant of".
While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Britannica Editors. "shāh". Encyclopedia Britannica, 25 Mar. 2025, https://www.britannica.com/topic/shah. Accessed 25 April 2026.
Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi remains a central figure in Iran’s modern history. His reign is associated with modernization, national development, and cultural revival, while also continuing to inspire discussion and reflection on Iran’s political evolution.
Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and Ayatollah Ali Khamenei both ruled Iran for 37 years. Their shared miscalculation: that Iran’s people could be bent to their will indefinitely.
Under the shah, Iran and Israel were strategic partners, cooperating in intelligence, military, and trade. Alongside the United States, they formed a powerful axis of secular, pro-Western governance in the Middle East.